How it works
Docs
Bucket lets anyone put real stocks in a bucket and launch coins that trade against it. This page describes what the contracts actually do. The formal version is the whitepaper (v0.4).
Buckets
A bucket holds fixed amounts of 2 to 10 stocks, held as the stock tokens that trade on Robinhood Chain. One share of a bucket always redeems for the same amounts of the same stocks. Nothing rebalances and nobody manages it.
Because the amounts are fixed rather than the weights, each stock's share of the bucket drifts as prices move. That is deliberate: it is what lets minting and redeeming work without reading a price at all, so a bucket keeps working over a weekend and cannot be broken by a stale price feed.
Every stock must be on a list of genuine stock tokens, which exists to stop a counterfeit being passed off as a real one inside a bucket.
- Stocks
- 2 to 10
- Rebalancing
- none
- Owner
- none. Nobody can upgrade or pause a bucket
Minting and redeeming
Anyone can mint shares by putting in the required amount of every stock, and redeem them for those same stocks. Both are open to anyone and neither reads a price.
Deposits round up and payouts round down, so a bucket can never pay out more than it holds. The difference is a tiny remainder, and it stays in the bucket rather than with anybody in particular.
- Fee
- 0.05% of shares, each way
- Split
- half to the bucket's curator, half to Bucket
- Paid in
- shares, so the fee is backed like any other share
Launches
A coin is launched against a bucket rather than against a stablecoin. Its whole supply is created once, and the coin has no way to create more.
The whole supply goes into a Uniswap pool that is locked the moment it is created. Nobody can take that liquidity out: not the creator, not Bucket, not Doppler, the launch protocol underneath. The only thing the pool allows besides trading is collecting fees.
There is no graduation and no migration. The pool a coin launches into is the pool it trades in for as long as it trades, so there is no threshold to wait for and no migration step that can go wrong.
- Supply
- 1,000,000,000, all of it sold into the pool
- Kept for the creator
- none
- Pool
- Uniswap V3, 1% fee, locked at creation
- Owner or admin
- none
The curve
The supply is spread across a price range in steps, cheapest first. Each purchase eats through the cheap steps and the price climbs, which behaves like a bonding curve, except that it is already a real market.
Four fifths of the supply sits on the curve between the starting and ending market caps the creator picks. The last fifth sits in one step above the end, so the pool still has depth if the coin runs past it. The ending market cap is not a ceiling; it is where the dense part of the curve stops.
On the default range, measured against live pools:
- Starting market cap
- $10,000 by default
- End of the curve
- $1,000,000 by default
- To reach $100k
- roughly $10,600 of buying
- To reach $1M
- roughly $290,000 of buying
Both ends are set per launch. A wider range spreads the same supply further, so the climb is smoother and slower.
Fees
Every trade in a launched coin pays a 1% pool fee. It builds up inside the locked pool until somebody collects it, which anyone can do, and it is then split in shares fixed at launch that nobody can change afterwards.
Doppler, the launch protocol underneath, takes 5% of the fees first. The rest splits 75% to the coin's creator, 10% to the curator of the bucket it trades against, and 15% to Bucket.
- Pool fee
- 1% of every trade
- Coin creator
- 71.25% of the fee
- Bucket curator
- 9.5%
- Bucket
- 14.25%
- Doppler
- 5%
A creator can give up to 50 of their 75 points to the coin's holders, and 20 is the default. That share goes to a payout contract made for the coin at launch. The fees it receives from buyers are bucket shares, the stocks themselves, and it pays them to holders; the coins it receives from sellers are burned. Payouts go out about once a day, shared by how much each wallet held and for how long over the day before each payout, so buying just before one earns very little. The split is fixed at launch like the rest and is shown on every coin's page.
Bucket never keeps the coins it earns fees in. Its share of every coin arriving from sellers goes to a burn address, and its bucket shares go to its treasury, through a contract that can do nothing else.
There is no fee to launch a coin, and no fee to make a bucket beyond a deposit that comes back.
Buying and selling
A buyer never has to hold bucket shares. One transaction takes what they pay with, buys each of the bucket's stocks by the cheapest route, mints the shares, swaps those into the coin, and delivers it. Selling runs the same path backwards. Anything left over comes back in the same transaction.
Routes are chosen across Uniswap's pools at whichever fee is cheapest, and a stock that cannot be reached in one swap goes through a busier coin in the middle. Pools that run their own custom code are skipped by default, because such a pool can quote a price and then fail when the trade actually runs.
Because every purchase buys the bucket's stocks on the open market, demand for a coin becomes real demand for the stocks its bucket holds.
Curators
Anyone can make a bucket. Doing so takes a small deposit, which exists only to make spam cost something, and it comes back the first time a coin is launched against that bucket.
A curator earns two streams: a share of the pool fees of every coin launched against their bucket, and half of the 0.05% charged on minting and redeeming. Both can be sent to a different address, and the curator role itself can be handed on.
A curator is paid for being chosen. A bucket that nobody launches against earns nothing, so the reward goes to people who make buckets that creators actually want.
Coin addresses
Every coin launched through Bucket has an address ending in ba5c. Bucket refuses anything else, so it is a guarantee rather than a habit, and it makes a Bucket coin easy to recognise in a list of addresses anywhere.
Risks
Coins launched here are speculative and can go to zero. Most will. Nothing about a bucket protects the coins that trade against it.
Stock tokens are issued by a third party and track a share's price. They are not ownership of the company and carry the issuer's credit risk. They are created and redeemed on weekdays while these markets trade all the time, so a bucket can drift from the value of its stocks when the stock market is shut.
The contracts have not been audited by an outside firm. Liquidity in a launched pool is locked forever, which protects against withdrawal but also means a coin cannot be wound down.
Holder payouts depend on software Bucket runs. It reads the chain, works out what each holder is owed, and posts the result for the payout contract to pay against. The contract stops it promising more than has arrived or taking back what it already paid, and anyone can rerun the same rule against the chain to check the result. It still decides who is owed what, so a fault in it would pay the wrong people until it is fixed. If it stops, anything already posted stays claimable, and nothing new is paid until it runs again.
Community
Questions, bucket ideas and launches are talked about in the open. Nobody from Bucket will ever message you first, ask for a seed phrase, or ask you to approve a transaction in a direct message.